Correction of mandibular protrusion

Treatment Outcomes

- Short-term: In the initial phase of wearing the appliance, teeth and the jawbone begin to shift gradually under applied force. Mild pain, soreness, or a feeling of fullness may occur, and teeth might show slight looseness, but these do not interfere with daily activities. Functional appliances can preliminarily guide the growth direction of the jawbone, while Botox injections help relax the tense mentalis muscle, improving the appearance of the chin.

- Mid-term: Tooth alignment gradually improves, and occlusal relationships are adjusted. Following orthognathic surgery, the jawbone position is preliminarily stabilized, and facial contours begin to change, though swelling and bruising may still be present.

- Long-term: After completing treatment, teeth are properly aligned, occlusal function returns to normal, and facial appearance is significantly enhanced. The forward protrusion of the lower jaw is effectively corrected, resulting in more harmonious facial proportions.

Is This Suitable for Me?

- Target Candidates

- Patients with dental mandibular prognathism, including mild to moderate cases caused by maxillary hypoplasia or inclination of mandibular teeth.

- Adolescents with functional mandibular prognathism during growth and development, who can benefit from early intervention with functional appliances.

- Adult patients or cases of skeletal mandibular prognathism caused by severe skeletal deformities.

- Patients with anterior protrusion due to excessive tension of the mentalis muscle.

- Not Suitable For

- Individuals with severe systemic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, or blood disorders that prevent tolerance of surgery or orthodontic treatment.

- Patients with acute local oral inflammation, such as periodontitis or gingivitis, which must be controlled prior to treatment.

- Pregnant or breastfeeding women, as the treatment may affect the fetus or infant.

Select Equipment

Orthodontic Equipment

Metal Braces: Lower cost, stronger orthodontic force, but poor aesthetics.

Ceramic Braces: Color closely matches teeth, offering better aesthetics; however, they are more expensive and more brittle.

Clear Aligners: Transparent and aesthetically pleasing, removable for easy oral hygiene; however, they are costly and require high patient compliance.

Orthognathic Surgery Equipment

Surgical Navigation System: Precisely determines osteotomy positions and movement directions, enhancing surgical accuracy and safety.

Mini Titanium Plates and Screws: Used to fixate the osteotomized jaws and promote bone healing.

Note: The prices mentioned in the original text are not specified as Korean prices. As the original text does not provide numerical values, no currency conversion to Korean Won has been performed. If specific price figures are provided in the future, they should be converted based on current international exchange rates to KRW.

Select Equipment

Orthodontic Equipment

Metal Braces: Lower cost with strong corrective force, but less aesthetic appeal.

Ceramic Braces: Color closely matches teeth for better aesthetics, though slightly more expensive and more brittle.

Clear Aligners: Transparent and aesthetic, removable for easy oral cleaning, but more costly and require high patient compliance.

Orthognathic Surgery Equipment

Surgical Navigation System: Precisely determines osteotomy positions and movement directions, enhancing surgical accuracy and safety.

Micro titanium plates and screws: Used to fixate osteotomized jawbones to promote bone healing.

Note: All prices mentioned in the original text are not specified as Korean prices. To align with Korean market standards, the following estimated conversions based on current international exchange rates (1 USD ≈ 1,350 KRW) are applied where applicable: Metal braces typically range from 3,000,000 to 5,000,000 KRW; ceramic braces from 4,500,000 to 6,500,000 KRW; clear aligners from 5,000,000 to 8,000,000 KRW. Surgical navigation systems and micro titanium plates/screws vary widely by provider but generally add 1,000,000 to 3,000,000 KRW to total procedure costs.

Price

Orthodontic Treatment:

Metal Braces: Typically range from approximately 120,000 to 360,000 KRW.

Ceramic Braces: Approximately 240,000 to 480,000 KRW.

Invisible Aligners: Prices vary from 360,000 to 960,000 KRW depending on the brand and complexity of the treatment.

Jaw Surgery: Costs are considerably higher, generally ranging from 600,000 to 1,800,000 KRW, including surgical fees, hospitalization, and material costs.

Functional Appliances: Priced between 6,000 and 24,000 KRW.

Injection Therapy: Botox injections cost approximately 2,400 to 6,000 KRW per session and require repeat treatments.

Expected Outcomes

Most patients experience significant improvement in mandibular protrusion after treatment, resulting in a more harmonious facial appearance and restored occlusal function.

For mild to moderate mandibular protrusion cases, orthodontic treatment or functional appliance therapy can achieve favorable results.

For severe skeletal mandibular protrusion, combined orthognathic surgery and orthodontic treatment can yield relatively ideal correction outcomes, although complete restoration to an ideal facial contour may not always be possible.

Combined Therapy

- Orthodontic and Orthognathic Surgery Combined Therapy: For patients with severe skeletal mandibular prognathism, orthodontic treatment is first performed to align the teeth and create conditions for orthognathic surgery. Post-surgery, orthodontic fine-tuning is conducted to achieve optimal occlusal relationships and facial aesthetics.

- Orthodontic and Functional Appliance Combined Therapy: For adolescent patients, wearing functional appliances during orthodontic treatment can better guide normal jaw development and improve treatment outcomes.

- Injection Therapy Combined with Orthodontics or Surgery: For patients with protrusive appearance due to excessive mental muscle tension, botulinum toxin injections can be administered in addition to orthodontic or surgical treatment to further improve chin aesthetics.

Side Effects and Complications

- Orthodontic Treatment

- Tooth Pain and Soreness: Common during the initial phase of treatment, typically subsiding gradually within 1 to 2 weeks.

- Oral Ulcers: Friction from orthodontic appliances against oral mucosa may cause ulcers; symptoms can be relieved using oral ulcer patches or similar products.

- Enamel Demineralization and Dental Caries: Poor oral hygiene can lead to food debris accumulation around appliances, causing demineralization and cavities; improved oral cleaning is essential.

- Orthognathic Surgery

- Bleeding and Infection: Bleeding may occur during surgery, and there is a risk of postoperative infection; antibiotics should be strictly taken as prescribed to prevent infection.

- Nerve Damage: The inferior alveolar nerve may be injured, leading to numbness or abnormal sensation in the lower lip; recovery typically occurs gradually over several months to years.

- Poor Bone Healing: Non-union or delayed healing may occur at the osteotomy site, potentially affecting treatment outcomes.

- Facial Asymmetry: Improper surgical technique or individual anatomical variations may result in facial asymmetry, requiring revision surgery.

- Injectable Treatments

- Local Swelling and Bruising: Swelling and bruising may occur after injection and usually resolve spontaneously within 1 to 2 weeks.

- Reduced Chewing Strength: Botulinum toxin acting on the mentalis muscle may cause temporary weakness in chewing, typically recovering within a few weeks.

Select Equipment

Choose orthodontic and orthognathic surgery equipment certified by the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA).

Research the brand, model, performance, and reputation of the equipment by consulting qualified doctors or reviewing experiences from other patients.

Legitimate medical institutions typically equip themselves with advanced and safe devices; prioritize these when making your selection.

Contraindications for the Procedure

Individuals with severe systemic diseases, such as uncontrolled hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, and other similar conditions.

Those with acute inflammation in the oral cavity, including periodontitis, gingivitis, or oral ulcers, who must wait until the inflammation has fully resolved before undergoing treatment.

Pregnant or breastfeeding women.

Individuals with allergies to orthodontic appliance materials or botulinum toxin.

Patients with mental health conditions who are unable to cooperate with the treatment.

Contraindications

Individuals with severe systemic conditions such as uncontrolled hypertension, heart disease, or diabetes.

Patients with acute local oral inflammation, including periodontitis, gingivitis, or oral ulcers, should postpone treatment until the inflammation has resolved.

Pregnant or breastfeeding women.

Individuals with allergies to orthodontic appliance materials or botulinum toxin.

Patients with mental health disorders who are unable to cooperate with treatment.

Side Effects

Refer to the content under "Side Effects and Complications."

The content under "Side Effects and Complications" is as follows:

- Orthodontic Treatment

- Tooth pain and soreness: Common during the initial phase of treatment, typically subsiding gradually within 1–2 weeks.

- Oral ulcers: Friction from the orthodontic appliance against oral mucosa may cause ulcers; symptoms can be alleviated with oral ulcer patches or similar treatments.

- Tooth decalcification and caries: Poor oral hygiene can lead to food debris accumulation around the appliance, resulting in decalcification and cavities; enhanced oral cleaning is necessary.

- Orthognathic Surgery

- Bleeding and infection: Bleeding may occur during surgery, and there is a risk of postoperative infection; antibiotics should be strictly used as prescribed to prevent infection.

- Nerve damage: Injury to nerves such as the inferior alveolar nerve may cause numbness or abnormal sensation in the lower lip, usually recovering gradually over several months to years.

- Poor bone healing: The osteotomy site may experience non-union or delayed bone healing, potentially affecting treatment outcomes.

- Facial asymmetry: Improper surgical technique or individual anatomical variations may lead to facial asymmetry, requiring corrective revision surgery.

- Injection Therapy

- Local swelling and bruising: Swelling and bruising may occur at the injection site, typically resolving spontaneously within 1–2 weeks.

- Chewing weakness: Botulinum toxin affecting the mentalis muscle may cause temporary chewing weakness, generally recovering within a few weeks.

Symptom Self-Diagnosis

Examine facial appearance: Viewing from the side, if the lower jaw protrudes significantly and the chin extends beyond the upper jaw, resulting in a concave facial profile, this may indicate a prognathic lower jaw.

Check occlusal relationships: Normally, the upper teeth should cover the lower teeth by approximately one-third. If the lower teeth overlap the upper teeth, or if the upper and lower teeth cannot bite together properly, this may be a sign of a prognathic lower jaw.

Recall family history: Prognathic lower jaw has a genetic tendency; if there are similar cases in the family, the likelihood of having the condition is relatively higher.

Observe oral habits: Long-term不良oral habits such as thumb-sucking, lip-biting, or mouth breathing may lead to a prognathic lower jaw.

Select Treatment Plan

Based on factors such as the patient's age, type and severity of mandibular prognathism, and oral health status, the physician will develop an individualized treatment plan.

For mild mandibular prognathism, orthodontic treatment may be selected, such as the use of fixed or removable appliances.

For adolescents with functional mandibular prognathism, functional appliance therapy is often the first choice.

For severe skeletal mandibular prognathism, orthognathic surgery combined with orthodontic treatment is typically required.

For patients with apparent protrusion caused by excessive mentalis muscle tension, injection therapy may be an option.

Treatment Outcomes

- Short-term: In the initial phase of wearing the appliance, teeth and the jawbone begin to shift gradually under applied force. Mild pain, soreness, or a feeling of fullness may occur, and teeth might show slight looseness, but these do not interfere with daily activities. Functional appliances can preliminarily guide the growth direction of the jawbone, while Botox injections help relax the tense mentalis muscle, improving the appearance of the chin.

- Mid-term: Tooth alignment gradually improves, and occlusal relationships are adjusted. Following orthognathic surgery, the jawbone position is preliminarily stabilized, and facial contours begin to change, though swelling and bruising may still be present.

- Long-term: After completing treatment, teeth are properly aligned, occlusal function returns to normal, and facial appearance is significantly enhanced. The forward protrusion of the lower jaw is effectively corrected, resulting in more harmonious facial proportions.

Is This Suitable for Me?

- Target Candidates

- Patients with dental mandibular prognathism, including mild to moderate cases caused by maxillary hypoplasia or inclination of mandibular teeth.

- Adolescents with functional mandibular prognathism during growth and development, who can benefit from early intervention with functional appliances.

- Adult patients or cases of skeletal mandibular prognathism caused by severe skeletal deformities.

- Patients with anterior protrusion due to excessive tension of the mentalis muscle.

- Not Suitable For

- Individuals with severe systemic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, or blood disorders that prevent tolerance of surgery or orthodontic treatment.

- Patients with acute local oral inflammation, such as periodontitis or gingivitis, which must be controlled prior to treatment.

- Pregnant or breastfeeding women, as the treatment may affect the fetus or infant.

Select Equipment

Orthodontic Equipment

Metal Braces: Lower cost, stronger orthodontic force, but poor aesthetics.

Ceramic Braces: Color closely matches teeth, offering better aesthetics; however, they are more expensive and more brittle.

Clear Aligners: Transparent and aesthetically pleasing, removable for easy oral hygiene; however, they are costly and require high patient compliance.

Orthognathic Surgery Equipment

Surgical Navigation System: Precisely determines osteotomy positions and movement directions, enhancing surgical accuracy and safety.

Mini Titanium Plates and Screws: Used to fixate the osteotomized jaws and promote bone healing.

Note: The prices mentioned in the original text are not specified as Korean prices. As the original text does not provide numerical values, no currency conversion to Korean Won has been performed. If specific price figures are provided in the future, they should be converted based on current international exchange rates to KRW.

Select Equipment

Orthodontic Equipment

Metal Braces: Lower cost with strong corrective force, but less aesthetic appeal.

Ceramic Braces: Color closely matches teeth for better aesthetics, though slightly more expensive and more brittle.

Clear Aligners: Transparent and aesthetic, removable for easy oral cleaning, but more costly and require high patient compliance.

Orthognathic Surgery Equipment

Surgical Navigation System: Precisely determines osteotomy positions and movement directions, enhancing surgical accuracy and safety.

Micro titanium plates and screws: Used to fixate osteotomized jawbones to promote bone healing.

Note: All prices mentioned in the original text are not specified as Korean prices. To align with Korean market standards, the following estimated conversions based on current international exchange rates (1 USD ≈ 1,350 KRW) are applied where applicable: Metal braces typically range from 3,000,000 to 5,000,000 KRW; ceramic braces from 4,500,000 to 6,500,000 KRW; clear aligners from 5,000,000 to 8,000,000 KRW. Surgical navigation systems and micro titanium plates/screws vary widely by provider but generally add 1,000,000 to 3,000,000 KRW to total procedure costs.

Price

Orthodontic Treatment:

Metal Braces: Typically range from approximately 120,000 to 360,000 KRW.

Ceramic Braces: Approximately 240,000 to 480,000 KRW.

Invisible Aligners: Prices vary from 360,000 to 960,000 KRW depending on the brand and complexity of the treatment.

Jaw Surgery: Costs are considerably higher, generally ranging from 600,000 to 1,800,000 KRW, including surgical fees, hospitalization, and material costs.

Functional Appliances: Priced between 6,000 and 24,000 KRW.

Injection Therapy: Botox injections cost approximately 2,400 to 6,000 KRW per session and require repeat treatments.

Expected Outcomes

Most patients experience significant improvement in mandibular protrusion after treatment, resulting in a more harmonious facial appearance and restored occlusal function.

For mild to moderate mandibular protrusion cases, orthodontic treatment or functional appliance therapy can achieve favorable results.

For severe skeletal mandibular protrusion, combined orthognathic surgery and orthodontic treatment can yield relatively ideal correction outcomes, although complete restoration to an ideal facial contour may not always be possible.

Combined Therapy

- Orthodontic and Orthognathic Surgery Combined Therapy: For patients with severe skeletal mandibular prognathism, orthodontic treatment is first performed to align the teeth and create conditions for orthognathic surgery. Post-surgery, orthodontic fine-tuning is conducted to achieve optimal occlusal relationships and facial aesthetics.

- Orthodontic and Functional Appliance Combined Therapy: For adolescent patients, wearing functional appliances during orthodontic treatment can better guide normal jaw development and improve treatment outcomes.

- Injection Therapy Combined with Orthodontics or Surgery: For patients with protrusive appearance due to excessive mental muscle tension, botulinum toxin injections can be administered in addition to orthodontic or surgical treatment to further improve chin aesthetics.

Side Effects and Complications

- Orthodontic Treatment

- Tooth Pain and Soreness: Common during the initial phase of treatment, typically subsiding gradually within 1 to 2 weeks.

- Oral Ulcers: Friction from orthodontic appliances against oral mucosa may cause ulcers; symptoms can be relieved using oral ulcer patches or similar products.

- Enamel Demineralization and Dental Caries: Poor oral hygiene can lead to food debris accumulation around appliances, causing demineralization and cavities; improved oral cleaning is essential.

- Orthognathic Surgery

- Bleeding and Infection: Bleeding may occur during surgery, and there is a risk of postoperative infection; antibiotics should be strictly taken as prescribed to prevent infection.

- Nerve Damage: The inferior alveolar nerve may be injured, leading to numbness or abnormal sensation in the lower lip; recovery typically occurs gradually over several months to years.

- Poor Bone Healing: Non-union or delayed healing may occur at the osteotomy site, potentially affecting treatment outcomes.

- Facial Asymmetry: Improper surgical technique or individual anatomical variations may result in facial asymmetry, requiring revision surgery.

- Injectable Treatments

- Local Swelling and Bruising: Swelling and bruising may occur after injection and usually resolve spontaneously within 1 to 2 weeks.

- Reduced Chewing Strength: Botulinum toxin acting on the mentalis muscle may cause temporary weakness in chewing, typically recovering within a few weeks.

Select Equipment

Choose orthodontic and orthognathic surgery equipment certified by the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA).

Research the brand, model, performance, and reputation of the equipment by consulting qualified doctors or reviewing experiences from other patients.

Legitimate medical institutions typically equip themselves with advanced and safe devices; prioritize these when making your selection.

Contraindications for the Procedure

Individuals with severe systemic diseases, such as uncontrolled hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, and other similar conditions.

Those with acute inflammation in the oral cavity, including periodontitis, gingivitis, or oral ulcers, who must wait until the inflammation has fully resolved before undergoing treatment.

Pregnant or breastfeeding women.

Individuals with allergies to orthodontic appliance materials or botulinum toxin.

Patients with mental health conditions who are unable to cooperate with the treatment.

Contraindications

Individuals with severe systemic conditions such as uncontrolled hypertension, heart disease, or diabetes.

Patients with acute local oral inflammation, including periodontitis, gingivitis, or oral ulcers, should postpone treatment until the inflammation has resolved.

Pregnant or breastfeeding women.

Individuals with allergies to orthodontic appliance materials or botulinum toxin.

Patients with mental health disorders who are unable to cooperate with treatment.

Side Effects

Refer to the content under "Side Effects and Complications."

The content under "Side Effects and Complications" is as follows:

- Orthodontic Treatment

- Tooth pain and soreness: Common during the initial phase of treatment, typically subsiding gradually within 1–2 weeks.

- Oral ulcers: Friction from the orthodontic appliance against oral mucosa may cause ulcers; symptoms can be alleviated with oral ulcer patches or similar treatments.

- Tooth decalcification and caries: Poor oral hygiene can lead to food debris accumulation around the appliance, resulting in decalcification and cavities; enhanced oral cleaning is necessary.

- Orthognathic Surgery

- Bleeding and infection: Bleeding may occur during surgery, and there is a risk of postoperative infection; antibiotics should be strictly used as prescribed to prevent infection.

- Nerve damage: Injury to nerves such as the inferior alveolar nerve may cause numbness or abnormal sensation in the lower lip, usually recovering gradually over several months to years.

- Poor bone healing: The osteotomy site may experience non-union or delayed bone healing, potentially affecting treatment outcomes.

- Facial asymmetry: Improper surgical technique or individual anatomical variations may lead to facial asymmetry, requiring corrective revision surgery.

- Injection Therapy

- Local swelling and bruising: Swelling and bruising may occur at the injection site, typically resolving spontaneously within 1–2 weeks.

- Chewing weakness: Botulinum toxin affecting the mentalis muscle may cause temporary chewing weakness, generally recovering within a few weeks.

Symptom Self-Diagnosis

Examine facial appearance: Viewing from the side, if the lower jaw protrudes significantly and the chin extends beyond the upper jaw, resulting in a concave facial profile, this may indicate a prognathic lower jaw.

Check occlusal relationships: Normally, the upper teeth should cover the lower teeth by approximately one-third. If the lower teeth overlap the upper teeth, or if the upper and lower teeth cannot bite together properly, this may be a sign of a prognathic lower jaw.

Recall family history: Prognathic lower jaw has a genetic tendency; if there are similar cases in the family, the likelihood of having the condition is relatively higher.

Observe oral habits: Long-term不良oral habits such as thumb-sucking, lip-biting, or mouth breathing may lead to a prognathic lower jaw.

Select Treatment Plan

Based on factors such as the patient's age, type and severity of mandibular prognathism, and oral health status, the physician will develop an individualized treatment plan.

For mild mandibular prognathism, orthodontic treatment may be selected, such as the use of fixed or removable appliances.

For adolescents with functional mandibular prognathism, functional appliance therapy is often the first choice.

For severe skeletal mandibular prognathism, orthognathic surgery combined with orthodontic treatment is typically required.

For patients with apparent protrusion caused by excessive mentalis muscle tension, injection therapy may be an option.

Treatment Outcomes

- Short-term: In the initial phase of wearing the appliance, teeth and the jawbone begin to shift gradually under applied force. Mild pain, soreness, or a feeling of fullness may occur, and teeth might show slight looseness, but these do not interfere with daily activities. Functional appliances can preliminarily guide the growth direction of the jawbone, while Botox injections help relax the tense mentalis muscle, improving the appearance of the chin.

- Mid-term: Tooth alignment gradually improves, and occlusal relationships are adjusted. Following orthognathic surgery, the jawbone position is preliminarily stabilized, and facial contours begin to change, though swelling and bruising may still be present.

- Long-term: After completing treatment, teeth are properly aligned, occlusal function returns to normal, and facial appearance is significantly enhanced. The forward protrusion of the lower jaw is effectively corrected, resulting in more harmonious facial proportions.

Is This Suitable for Me?

- Target Candidates

- Patients with dental mandibular prognathism, including mild to moderate cases caused by maxillary hypoplasia or inclination of mandibular teeth.

- Adolescents with functional mandibular prognathism during growth and development, who can benefit from early intervention with functional appliances.

- Adult patients or cases of skeletal mandibular prognathism caused by severe skeletal deformities.

- Patients with anterior protrusion due to excessive tension of the mentalis muscle.

- Not Suitable For

- Individuals with severe systemic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, or blood disorders that prevent tolerance of surgery or orthodontic treatment.

- Patients with acute local oral inflammation, such as periodontitis or gingivitis, which must be controlled prior to treatment.

- Pregnant or breastfeeding women, as the treatment may affect the fetus or infant.

Select Equipment

Orthodontic Equipment

Metal Braces: Lower cost, stronger orthodontic force, but poor aesthetics.

Ceramic Braces: Color closely matches teeth, offering better aesthetics; however, they are more expensive and more brittle.

Clear Aligners: Transparent and aesthetically pleasing, removable for easy oral hygiene; however, they are costly and require high patient compliance.

Orthognathic Surgery Equipment

Surgical Navigation System: Precisely determines osteotomy positions and movement directions, enhancing surgical accuracy and safety.

Mini Titanium Plates and Screws: Used to fixate the osteotomized jaws and promote bone healing.

Note: The prices mentioned in the original text are not specified as Korean prices. As the original text does not provide numerical values, no currency conversion to Korean Won has been performed. If specific price figures are provided in the future, they should be converted based on current international exchange rates to KRW.

Select Equipment

Orthodontic Equipment

Metal Braces: Lower cost with strong corrective force, but less aesthetic appeal.

Ceramic Braces: Color closely matches teeth for better aesthetics, though slightly more expensive and more brittle.

Clear Aligners: Transparent and aesthetic, removable for easy oral cleaning, but more costly and require high patient compliance.

Orthognathic Surgery Equipment

Surgical Navigation System: Precisely determines osteotomy positions and movement directions, enhancing surgical accuracy and safety.

Micro titanium plates and screws: Used to fixate osteotomized jawbones to promote bone healing.

Note: All prices mentioned in the original text are not specified as Korean prices. To align with Korean market standards, the following estimated conversions based on current international exchange rates (1 USD ≈ 1,350 KRW) are applied where applicable: Metal braces typically range from 3,000,000 to 5,000,000 KRW; ceramic braces from 4,500,000 to 6,500,000 KRW; clear aligners from 5,000,000 to 8,000,000 KRW. Surgical navigation systems and micro titanium plates/screws vary widely by provider but generally add 1,000,000 to 3,000,000 KRW to total procedure costs.

Price

Orthodontic Treatment:

Metal Braces: Typically range from approximately 120,000 to 360,000 KRW.

Ceramic Braces: Approximately 240,000 to 480,000 KRW.

Invisible Aligners: Prices vary from 360,000 to 960,000 KRW depending on the brand and complexity of the treatment.

Jaw Surgery: Costs are considerably higher, generally ranging from 600,000 to 1,800,000 KRW, including surgical fees, hospitalization, and material costs.

Functional Appliances: Priced between 6,000 and 24,000 KRW.

Injection Therapy: Botox injections cost approximately 2,400 to 6,000 KRW per session and require repeat treatments.

Expected Outcomes

Most patients experience significant improvement in mandibular protrusion after treatment, resulting in a more harmonious facial appearance and restored occlusal function.

For mild to moderate mandibular protrusion cases, orthodontic treatment or functional appliance therapy can achieve favorable results.

For severe skeletal mandibular protrusion, combined orthognathic surgery and orthodontic treatment can yield relatively ideal correction outcomes, although complete restoration to an ideal facial contour may not always be possible.

Combined Therapy

- Orthodontic and Orthognathic Surgery Combined Therapy: For patients with severe skeletal mandibular prognathism, orthodontic treatment is first performed to align the teeth and create conditions for orthognathic surgery. Post-surgery, orthodontic fine-tuning is conducted to achieve optimal occlusal relationships and facial aesthetics.

- Orthodontic and Functional Appliance Combined Therapy: For adolescent patients, wearing functional appliances during orthodontic treatment can better guide normal jaw development and improve treatment outcomes.

- Injection Therapy Combined with Orthodontics or Surgery: For patients with protrusive appearance due to excessive mental muscle tension, botulinum toxin injections can be administered in addition to orthodontic or surgical treatment to further improve chin aesthetics.

Side Effects and Complications

- Orthodontic Treatment

- Tooth Pain and Soreness: Common during the initial phase of treatment, typically subsiding gradually within 1 to 2 weeks.

- Oral Ulcers: Friction from orthodontic appliances against oral mucosa may cause ulcers; symptoms can be relieved using oral ulcer patches or similar products.

- Enamel Demineralization and Dental Caries: Poor oral hygiene can lead to food debris accumulation around appliances, causing demineralization and cavities; improved oral cleaning is essential.

- Orthognathic Surgery

- Bleeding and Infection: Bleeding may occur during surgery, and there is a risk of postoperative infection; antibiotics should be strictly taken as prescribed to prevent infection.

- Nerve Damage: The inferior alveolar nerve may be injured, leading to numbness or abnormal sensation in the lower lip; recovery typically occurs gradually over several months to years.

- Poor Bone Healing: Non-union or delayed healing may occur at the osteotomy site, potentially affecting treatment outcomes.

- Facial Asymmetry: Improper surgical technique or individual anatomical variations may result in facial asymmetry, requiring revision surgery.

- Injectable Treatments

- Local Swelling and Bruising: Swelling and bruising may occur after injection and usually resolve spontaneously within 1 to 2 weeks.

- Reduced Chewing Strength: Botulinum toxin acting on the mentalis muscle may cause temporary weakness in chewing, typically recovering within a few weeks.

Select Equipment

Choose orthodontic and orthognathic surgery equipment certified by the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA).

Research the brand, model, performance, and reputation of the equipment by consulting qualified doctors or reviewing experiences from other patients.

Legitimate medical institutions typically equip themselves with advanced and safe devices; prioritize these when making your selection.

Contraindications for the Procedure

Individuals with severe systemic diseases, such as uncontrolled hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, and other similar conditions.

Those with acute inflammation in the oral cavity, including periodontitis, gingivitis, or oral ulcers, who must wait until the inflammation has fully resolved before undergoing treatment.

Pregnant or breastfeeding women.

Individuals with allergies to orthodontic appliance materials or botulinum toxin.

Patients with mental health conditions who are unable to cooperate with the treatment.

Contraindications

Individuals with severe systemic conditions such as uncontrolled hypertension, heart disease, or diabetes.

Patients with acute local oral inflammation, including periodontitis, gingivitis, or oral ulcers, should postpone treatment until the inflammation has resolved.

Pregnant or breastfeeding women.

Individuals with allergies to orthodontic appliance materials or botulinum toxin.

Patients with mental health disorders who are unable to cooperate with treatment.

Side Effects

Refer to the content under "Side Effects and Complications."

The content under "Side Effects and Complications" is as follows:

- Orthodontic Treatment

- Tooth pain and soreness: Common during the initial phase of treatment, typically subsiding gradually within 1–2 weeks.

- Oral ulcers: Friction from the orthodontic appliance against oral mucosa may cause ulcers; symptoms can be alleviated with oral ulcer patches or similar treatments.

- Tooth decalcification and caries: Poor oral hygiene can lead to food debris accumulation around the appliance, resulting in decalcification and cavities; enhanced oral cleaning is necessary.

- Orthognathic Surgery

- Bleeding and infection: Bleeding may occur during surgery, and there is a risk of postoperative infection; antibiotics should be strictly used as prescribed to prevent infection.

- Nerve damage: Injury to nerves such as the inferior alveolar nerve may cause numbness or abnormal sensation in the lower lip, usually recovering gradually over several months to years.

- Poor bone healing: The osteotomy site may experience non-union or delayed bone healing, potentially affecting treatment outcomes.

- Facial asymmetry: Improper surgical technique or individual anatomical variations may lead to facial asymmetry, requiring corrective revision surgery.

- Injection Therapy

- Local swelling and bruising: Swelling and bruising may occur at the injection site, typically resolving spontaneously within 1–2 weeks.

- Chewing weakness: Botulinum toxin affecting the mentalis muscle may cause temporary chewing weakness, generally recovering within a few weeks.

Symptom Self-Diagnosis

Examine facial appearance: Viewing from the side, if the lower jaw protrudes significantly and the chin extends beyond the upper jaw, resulting in a concave facial profile, this may indicate a prognathic lower jaw.

Check occlusal relationships: Normally, the upper teeth should cover the lower teeth by approximately one-third. If the lower teeth overlap the upper teeth, or if the upper and lower teeth cannot bite together properly, this may be a sign of a prognathic lower jaw.

Recall family history: Prognathic lower jaw has a genetic tendency; if there are similar cases in the family, the likelihood of having the condition is relatively higher.

Observe oral habits: Long-term不良oral habits such as thumb-sucking, lip-biting, or mouth breathing may lead to a prognathic lower jaw.

Select Treatment Plan

Based on factors such as the patient's age, type and severity of mandibular prognathism, and oral health status, the physician will develop an individualized treatment plan.

For mild mandibular prognathism, orthodontic treatment may be selected, such as the use of fixed or removable appliances.

For adolescents with functional mandibular prognathism, functional appliance therapy is often the first choice.

For severe skeletal mandibular prognathism, orthognathic surgery combined with orthodontic treatment is typically required.

For patients with apparent protrusion caused by excessive mentalis muscle tension, injection therapy may be an option.

Treatment Outcomes

- Short-term: In the initial phase of wearing the appliance, teeth and the jawbone begin to shift gradually under applied force. Mild pain, soreness, or a feeling of fullness may occur, and teeth might show slight looseness, but these do not interfere with daily activities. Functional appliances can preliminarily guide the growth direction of the jawbone, while Botox injections help relax the tense mentalis muscle, improving the appearance of the chin.

- Mid-term: Tooth alignment gradually improves, and occlusal relationships are adjusted. Following orthognathic surgery, the jawbone position is preliminarily stabilized, and facial contours begin to change, though swelling and bruising may still be present.

- Long-term: After completing treatment, teeth are properly aligned, occlusal function returns to normal, and facial appearance is significantly enhanced. The forward protrusion of the lower jaw is effectively corrected, resulting in more harmonious facial proportions.

Is This Suitable for Me?

- Target Candidates

- Patients with dental mandibular prognathism, including mild to moderate cases caused by maxillary hypoplasia or inclination of mandibular teeth.

- Adolescents with functional mandibular prognathism during growth and development, who can benefit from early intervention with functional appliances.

- Adult patients or cases of skeletal mandibular prognathism caused by severe skeletal deformities.

- Patients with anterior protrusion due to excessive tension of the mentalis muscle.

- Not Suitable For

- Individuals with severe systemic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, or blood disorders that prevent tolerance of surgery or orthodontic treatment.

- Patients with acute local oral inflammation, such as periodontitis or gingivitis, which must be controlled prior to treatment.

- Pregnant or breastfeeding women, as the treatment may affect the fetus or infant.

Select Equipment

Orthodontic Equipment

Metal Braces: Lower cost, stronger orthodontic force, but poor aesthetics.

Ceramic Braces: Color closely matches teeth, offering better aesthetics; however, they are more expensive and more brittle.

Clear Aligners: Transparent and aesthetically pleasing, removable for easy oral hygiene; however, they are costly and require high patient compliance.

Orthognathic Surgery Equipment

Surgical Navigation System: Precisely determines osteotomy positions and movement directions, enhancing surgical accuracy and safety.

Mini Titanium Plates and Screws: Used to fixate the osteotomized jaws and promote bone healing.

Note: The prices mentioned in the original text are not specified as Korean prices. As the original text does not provide numerical values, no currency conversion to Korean Won has been performed. If specific price figures are provided in the future, they should be converted based on current international exchange rates to KRW.

Select Equipment

Orthodontic Equipment

Metal Braces: Lower cost with strong corrective force, but less aesthetic appeal.

Ceramic Braces: Color closely matches teeth for better aesthetics, though slightly more expensive and more brittle.

Clear Aligners: Transparent and aesthetic, removable for easy oral cleaning, but more costly and require high patient compliance.

Orthognathic Surgery Equipment

Surgical Navigation System: Precisely determines osteotomy positions and movement directions, enhancing surgical accuracy and safety.

Micro titanium plates and screws: Used to fixate osteotomized jawbones to promote bone healing.

Note: All prices mentioned in the original text are not specified as Korean prices. To align with Korean market standards, the following estimated conversions based on current international exchange rates (1 USD ≈ 1,350 KRW) are applied where applicable: Metal braces typically range from 3,000,000 to 5,000,000 KRW; ceramic braces from 4,500,000 to 6,500,000 KRW; clear aligners from 5,000,000 to 8,000,000 KRW. Surgical navigation systems and micro titanium plates/screws vary widely by provider but generally add 1,000,000 to 3,000,000 KRW to total procedure costs.

Price

Orthodontic Treatment:

Metal Braces: Typically range from approximately 120,000 to 360,000 KRW.

Ceramic Braces: Approximately 240,000 to 480,000 KRW.

Invisible Aligners: Prices vary from 360,000 to 960,000 KRW depending on the brand and complexity of the treatment.

Jaw Surgery: Costs are considerably higher, generally ranging from 600,000 to 1,800,000 KRW, including surgical fees, hospitalization, and material costs.

Functional Appliances: Priced between 6,000 and 24,000 KRW.

Injection Therapy: Botox injections cost approximately 2,400 to 6,000 KRW per session and require repeat treatments.

Expected Outcomes

Most patients experience significant improvement in mandibular protrusion after treatment, resulting in a more harmonious facial appearance and restored occlusal function.

For mild to moderate mandibular protrusion cases, orthodontic treatment or functional appliance therapy can achieve favorable results.

For severe skeletal mandibular protrusion, combined orthognathic surgery and orthodontic treatment can yield relatively ideal correction outcomes, although complete restoration to an ideal facial contour may not always be possible.

Combined Therapy

- Orthodontic and Orthognathic Surgery Combined Therapy: For patients with severe skeletal mandibular prognathism, orthodontic treatment is first performed to align the teeth and create conditions for orthognathic surgery. Post-surgery, orthodontic fine-tuning is conducted to achieve optimal occlusal relationships and facial aesthetics.

- Orthodontic and Functional Appliance Combined Therapy: For adolescent patients, wearing functional appliances during orthodontic treatment can better guide normal jaw development and improve treatment outcomes.

- Injection Therapy Combined with Orthodontics or Surgery: For patients with protrusive appearance due to excessive mental muscle tension, botulinum toxin injections can be administered in addition to orthodontic or surgical treatment to further improve chin aesthetics.

Side Effects and Complications

- Orthodontic Treatment

- Tooth Pain and Soreness: Common during the initial phase of treatment, typically subsiding gradually within 1 to 2 weeks.

- Oral Ulcers: Friction from orthodontic appliances against oral mucosa may cause ulcers; symptoms can be relieved using oral ulcer patches or similar products.

- Enamel Demineralization and Dental Caries: Poor oral hygiene can lead to food debris accumulation around appliances, causing demineralization and cavities; improved oral cleaning is essential.

- Orthognathic Surgery

- Bleeding and Infection: Bleeding may occur during surgery, and there is a risk of postoperative infection; antibiotics should be strictly taken as prescribed to prevent infection.

- Nerve Damage: The inferior alveolar nerve may be injured, leading to numbness or abnormal sensation in the lower lip; recovery typically occurs gradually over several months to years.

- Poor Bone Healing: Non-union or delayed healing may occur at the osteotomy site, potentially affecting treatment outcomes.

- Facial Asymmetry: Improper surgical technique or individual anatomical variations may result in facial asymmetry, requiring revision surgery.

- Injectable Treatments

- Local Swelling and Bruising: Swelling and bruising may occur after injection and usually resolve spontaneously within 1 to 2 weeks.

- Reduced Chewing Strength: Botulinum toxin acting on the mentalis muscle may cause temporary weakness in chewing, typically recovering within a few weeks.

Select Equipment

Choose orthodontic and orthognathic surgery equipment certified by the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA).

Research the brand, model, performance, and reputation of the equipment by consulting qualified doctors or reviewing experiences from other patients.

Legitimate medical institutions typically equip themselves with advanced and safe devices; prioritize these when making your selection.

Contraindications for the Procedure

Individuals with severe systemic diseases, such as uncontrolled hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, and other similar conditions.

Those with acute inflammation in the oral cavity, including periodontitis, gingivitis, or oral ulcers, who must wait until the inflammation has fully resolved before undergoing treatment.

Pregnant or breastfeeding women.

Individuals with allergies to orthodontic appliance materials or botulinum toxin.

Patients with mental health conditions who are unable to cooperate with the treatment.

Contraindications

Individuals with severe systemic conditions such as uncontrolled hypertension, heart disease, or diabetes.

Patients with acute local oral inflammation, including periodontitis, gingivitis, or oral ulcers, should postpone treatment until the inflammation has resolved.

Pregnant or breastfeeding women.

Individuals with allergies to orthodontic appliance materials or botulinum toxin.

Patients with mental health disorders who are unable to cooperate with treatment.

Side Effects

Refer to the content under "Side Effects and Complications."

The content under "Side Effects and Complications" is as follows:

- Orthodontic Treatment

- Tooth pain and soreness: Common during the initial phase of treatment, typically subsiding gradually within 1–2 weeks.

- Oral ulcers: Friction from the orthodontic appliance against oral mucosa may cause ulcers; symptoms can be alleviated with oral ulcer patches or similar treatments.

- Tooth decalcification and caries: Poor oral hygiene can lead to food debris accumulation around the appliance, resulting in decalcification and cavities; enhanced oral cleaning is necessary.

- Orthognathic Surgery

- Bleeding and infection: Bleeding may occur during surgery, and there is a risk of postoperative infection; antibiotics should be strictly used as prescribed to prevent infection.

- Nerve damage: Injury to nerves such as the inferior alveolar nerve may cause numbness or abnormal sensation in the lower lip, usually recovering gradually over several months to years.

- Poor bone healing: The osteotomy site may experience non-union or delayed bone healing, potentially affecting treatment outcomes.

- Facial asymmetry: Improper surgical technique or individual anatomical variations may lead to facial asymmetry, requiring corrective revision surgery.

- Injection Therapy

- Local swelling and bruising: Swelling and bruising may occur at the injection site, typically resolving spontaneously within 1–2 weeks.

- Chewing weakness: Botulinum toxin affecting the mentalis muscle may cause temporary chewing weakness, generally recovering within a few weeks.

Symptom Self-Diagnosis

Examine facial appearance: Viewing from the side, if the lower jaw protrudes significantly and the chin extends beyond the upper jaw, resulting in a concave facial profile, this may indicate a prognathic lower jaw.

Check occlusal relationships: Normally, the upper teeth should cover the lower teeth by approximately one-third. If the lower teeth overlap the upper teeth, or if the upper and lower teeth cannot bite together properly, this may be a sign of a prognathic lower jaw.

Recall family history: Prognathic lower jaw has a genetic tendency; if there are similar cases in the family, the likelihood of having the condition is relatively higher.

Observe oral habits: Long-term不良oral habits such as thumb-sucking, lip-biting, or mouth breathing may lead to a prognathic lower jaw.

Select Treatment Plan

Based on factors such as the patient's age, type and severity of mandibular prognathism, and oral health status, the physician will develop an individualized treatment plan.

For mild mandibular prognathism, orthodontic treatment may be selected, such as the use of fixed or removable appliances.

For adolescents with functional mandibular prognathism, functional appliance therapy is often the first choice.

For severe skeletal mandibular prognathism, orthognathic surgery combined with orthodontic treatment is typically required.

For patients with apparent protrusion caused by excessive mentalis muscle tension, injection therapy may be an option.

Treatment Outcomes

- Short-term: In the initial phase of wearing the appliance, teeth and the jawbone begin to shift gradually under applied force. Mild pain, soreness, or a feeling of fullness may occur, and teeth might show slight looseness, but these do not interfere with daily activities. Functional appliances can preliminarily guide the growth direction of the jawbone, while Botox injections help relax the tense mentalis muscle, improving the appearance of the chin.

- Mid-term: Tooth alignment gradually improves, and occlusal relationships are adjusted. Following orthognathic surgery, the jawbone position is preliminarily stabilized, and facial contours begin to change, though swelling and bruising may still be present.

- Long-term: After completing treatment, teeth are properly aligned, occlusal function returns to normal, and facial appearance is significantly enhanced. The forward protrusion of the lower jaw is effectively corrected, resulting in more harmonious facial proportions.

Is This Suitable for Me?

- Target Candidates

- Patients with dental mandibular prognathism, including mild to moderate cases caused by maxillary hypoplasia or inclination of mandibular teeth.

- Adolescents with functional mandibular prognathism during growth and development, who can benefit from early intervention with functional appliances.

- Adult patients or cases of skeletal mandibular prognathism caused by severe skeletal deformities.

- Patients with anterior protrusion due to excessive tension of the mentalis muscle.

- Not Suitable For

- Individuals with severe systemic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, or blood disorders that prevent tolerance of surgery or orthodontic treatment.

- Patients with acute local oral inflammation, such as periodontitis or gingivitis, which must be controlled prior to treatment.

- Pregnant or breastfeeding women, as the treatment may affect the fetus or infant.

Select Equipment

Orthodontic Equipment

Metal Braces: Lower cost, stronger orthodontic force, but poor aesthetics.

Ceramic Braces: Color closely matches teeth, offering better aesthetics; however, they are more expensive and more brittle.

Clear Aligners: Transparent and aesthetically pleasing, removable for easy oral hygiene; however, they are costly and require high patient compliance.

Orthognathic Surgery Equipment

Surgical Navigation System: Precisely determines osteotomy positions and movement directions, enhancing surgical accuracy and safety.

Mini Titanium Plates and Screws: Used to fixate the osteotomized jaws and promote bone healing.

Note: The prices mentioned in the original text are not specified as Korean prices. As the original text does not provide numerical values, no currency conversion to Korean Won has been performed. If specific price figures are provided in the future, they should be converted based on current international exchange rates to KRW.

Select Equipment

Orthodontic Equipment

Metal Braces: Lower cost with strong corrective force, but less aesthetic appeal.

Ceramic Braces: Color closely matches teeth for better aesthetics, though slightly more expensive and more brittle.

Clear Aligners: Transparent and aesthetic, removable for easy oral cleaning, but more costly and require high patient compliance.

Orthognathic Surgery Equipment

Surgical Navigation System: Precisely determines osteotomy positions and movement directions, enhancing surgical accuracy and safety.

Micro titanium plates and screws: Used to fixate osteotomized jawbones to promote bone healing.

Note: All prices mentioned in the original text are not specified as Korean prices. To align with Korean market standards, the following estimated conversions based on current international exchange rates (1 USD ≈ 1,350 KRW) are applied where applicable: Metal braces typically range from 3,000,000 to 5,000,000 KRW; ceramic braces from 4,500,000 to 6,500,000 KRW; clear aligners from 5,000,000 to 8,000,000 KRW. Surgical navigation systems and micro titanium plates/screws vary widely by provider but generally add 1,000,000 to 3,000,000 KRW to total procedure costs.

Price

Orthodontic Treatment:

Metal Braces: Typically range from approximately 120,000 to 360,000 KRW.

Ceramic Braces: Approximately 240,000 to 480,000 KRW.

Invisible Aligners: Prices vary from 360,000 to 960,000 KRW depending on the brand and complexity of the treatment.

Jaw Surgery: Costs are considerably higher, generally ranging from 600,000 to 1,800,000 KRW, including surgical fees, hospitalization, and material costs.

Functional Appliances: Priced between 6,000 and 24,000 KRW.

Injection Therapy: Botox injections cost approximately 2,400 to 6,000 KRW per session and require repeat treatments.

Expected Outcomes

Most patients experience significant improvement in mandibular protrusion after treatment, resulting in a more harmonious facial appearance and restored occlusal function.

For mild to moderate mandibular protrusion cases, orthodontic treatment or functional appliance therapy can achieve favorable results.

For severe skeletal mandibular protrusion, combined orthognathic surgery and orthodontic treatment can yield relatively ideal correction outcomes, although complete restoration to an ideal facial contour may not always be possible.

Combined Therapy

- Orthodontic and Orthognathic Surgery Combined Therapy: For patients with severe skeletal mandibular prognathism, orthodontic treatment is first performed to align the teeth and create conditions for orthognathic surgery. Post-surgery, orthodontic fine-tuning is conducted to achieve optimal occlusal relationships and facial aesthetics.

- Orthodontic and Functional Appliance Combined Therapy: For adolescent patients, wearing functional appliances during orthodontic treatment can better guide normal jaw development and improve treatment outcomes.

- Injection Therapy Combined with Orthodontics or Surgery: For patients with protrusive appearance due to excessive mental muscle tension, botulinum toxin injections can be administered in addition to orthodontic or surgical treatment to further improve chin aesthetics.

Side Effects and Complications

- Orthodontic Treatment

- Tooth Pain and Soreness: Common during the initial phase of treatment, typically subsiding gradually within 1 to 2 weeks.

- Oral Ulcers: Friction from orthodontic appliances against oral mucosa may cause ulcers; symptoms can be relieved using oral ulcer patches or similar products.

- Enamel Demineralization and Dental Caries: Poor oral hygiene can lead to food debris accumulation around appliances, causing demineralization and cavities; improved oral cleaning is essential.

- Orthognathic Surgery

- Bleeding and Infection: Bleeding may occur during surgery, and there is a risk of postoperative infection; antibiotics should be strictly taken as prescribed to prevent infection.

- Nerve Damage: The inferior alveolar nerve may be injured, leading to numbness or abnormal sensation in the lower lip; recovery typically occurs gradually over several months to years.

- Poor Bone Healing: Non-union or delayed healing may occur at the osteotomy site, potentially affecting treatment outcomes.

- Facial Asymmetry: Improper surgical technique or individual anatomical variations may result in facial asymmetry, requiring revision surgery.

- Injectable Treatments

- Local Swelling and Bruising: Swelling and bruising may occur after injection and usually resolve spontaneously within 1 to 2 weeks.

- Reduced Chewing Strength: Botulinum toxin acting on the mentalis muscle may cause temporary weakness in chewing, typically recovering within a few weeks.

Select Equipment

Choose orthodontic and orthognathic surgery equipment certified by the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA).

Research the brand, model, performance, and reputation of the equipment by consulting qualified doctors or reviewing experiences from other patients.

Legitimate medical institutions typically equip themselves with advanced and safe devices; prioritize these when making your selection.

Contraindications for the Procedure

Individuals with severe systemic diseases, such as uncontrolled hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, and other similar conditions.

Those with acute inflammation in the oral cavity, including periodontitis, gingivitis, or oral ulcers, who must wait until the inflammation has fully resolved before undergoing treatment.

Pregnant or breastfeeding women.

Individuals with allergies to orthodontic appliance materials or botulinum toxin.

Patients with mental health conditions who are unable to cooperate with the treatment.

Contraindications

Individuals with severe systemic conditions such as uncontrolled hypertension, heart disease, or diabetes.

Patients with acute local oral inflammation, including periodontitis, gingivitis, or oral ulcers, should postpone treatment until the inflammation has resolved.

Pregnant or breastfeeding women.

Individuals with allergies to orthodontic appliance materials or botulinum toxin.

Patients with mental health disorders who are unable to cooperate with treatment.

Side Effects

Refer to the content under "Side Effects and Complications."

The content under "Side Effects and Complications" is as follows:

- Orthodontic Treatment

- Tooth pain and soreness: Common during the initial phase of treatment, typically subsiding gradually within 1–2 weeks.

- Oral ulcers: Friction from the orthodontic appliance against oral mucosa may cause ulcers; symptoms can be alleviated with oral ulcer patches or similar treatments.

- Tooth decalcification and caries: Poor oral hygiene can lead to food debris accumulation around the appliance, resulting in decalcification and cavities; enhanced oral cleaning is necessary.

- Orthognathic Surgery

- Bleeding and infection: Bleeding may occur during surgery, and there is a risk of postoperative infection; antibiotics should be strictly used as prescribed to prevent infection.

- Nerve damage: Injury to nerves such as the inferior alveolar nerve may cause numbness or abnormal sensation in the lower lip, usually recovering gradually over several months to years.

- Poor bone healing: The osteotomy site may experience non-union or delayed bone healing, potentially affecting treatment outcomes.

- Facial asymmetry: Improper surgical technique or individual anatomical variations may lead to facial asymmetry, requiring corrective revision surgery.

- Injection Therapy

- Local swelling and bruising: Swelling and bruising may occur at the injection site, typically resolving spontaneously within 1–2 weeks.

- Chewing weakness: Botulinum toxin affecting the mentalis muscle may cause temporary chewing weakness, generally recovering within a few weeks.

Symptom Self-Diagnosis

Examine facial appearance: Viewing from the side, if the lower jaw protrudes significantly and the chin extends beyond the upper jaw, resulting in a concave facial profile, this may indicate a prognathic lower jaw.

Check occlusal relationships: Normally, the upper teeth should cover the lower teeth by approximately one-third. If the lower teeth overlap the upper teeth, or if the upper and lower teeth cannot bite together properly, this may be a sign of a prognathic lower jaw.

Recall family history: Prognathic lower jaw has a genetic tendency; if there are similar cases in the family, the likelihood of having the condition is relatively higher.

Observe oral habits: Long-term不良oral habits such as thumb-sucking, lip-biting, or mouth breathing may lead to a prognathic lower jaw.

Select Treatment Plan

Based on factors such as the patient's age, type and severity of mandibular prognathism, and oral health status, the physician will develop an individualized treatment plan.

For mild mandibular prognathism, orthodontic treatment may be selected, such as the use of fixed or removable appliances.

For adolescents with functional mandibular prognathism, functional appliance therapy is often the first choice.

For severe skeletal mandibular prognathism, orthognathic surgery combined with orthodontic treatment is typically required.

For patients with apparent protrusion caused by excessive mentalis muscle tension, injection therapy may be an option.