Prognathism / Class III malocclusion

Functional Anterior Crossbite

Skeletal Anterior Crossbite

Age Factors

Children: If a child is in the growth and development stage, such as a 1- to 2-year-old with functional mandibular prognathism caused by improper bottle-feeding posture, or a 3- to 4-year-old with functional mandibular prognathism, treatment can be achieved by correcting bad habits and using functional appliances. Around 11-12 years of age, if the mandibular prognathism is not severe, conventional orthodontic treatment can be performed.

Adults: If there is skeletal or hereditary mandibular prognathism with significant severity, combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgery should be considered.

Condition Factors

Dental underbite is suitable for orthodontic treatment. Skeletal underbite, especially in patients with noticeable changes in facial profile and significant impact on chewing function, may require combined orthognathic surgery.

Select Equipment

Orthodontic Equipment: Common options include traditional metal braces, ceramic braces, and clear aligners. Traditional metal braces are relatively affordable but less aesthetic; ceramic braces offer better aesthetics but come at a higher cost; clear aligners provide superior aesthetics and comfort, can be removed by the patient, but are the most expensive option.

Orthognathic Surgery Equipment: Surgical procedures utilize instruments such as oscillating saws, bone chisels, and titanium plates and screws. Reputable medical facilities use equipment that meets national safety standards to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the surgery.

Note: The prices mentioned in the original text are not specified as Korean prices and do not include actual figures. Therefore, no currency conversion to Korean Won has been performed as no base price was provided for calculation.

Select Equipment

Orthodontic Equipment: Common options include traditional metal braces, ceramic braces, and clear aligners. Traditional metal braces are relatively affordable but less aesthetically pleasing; ceramic braces offer better aesthetics but at a higher cost; clear aligners provide superior comfort and aesthetics with the convenience of being removable, though they are the most expensive option.

Orthognathic Surgery Equipment: Surgical procedures utilize instruments such as bone saws, osteotomes, titanium plates, and screws. Reputable medical facilities use equipment that meets national safety standards to ensure surgical safety and optimal outcomes.

Prices

Orthodontic treatment: Traditional metal braces typically cost between 10,000 and 30,000 CNY; ceramic braces range from 20,000 to 40,000 CNY; clear aligners vary from 30,000 to 80,000 CNY, depending on the region, hospital, and complexity of the case.

Orthognathic surgery: Costs are considerably higher, generally ranging from 50,000 to 100,000 CNY or more, covering surgical fees, hospitalization, and orthodontic expenses. Prices vary significantly based on region, hospital level, and surgical method.

Converted to Korean Won (KRW) at an approximate exchange rate of 1 CNY = 185 KRW:

Orthodontic treatment: Traditional metal braces typically cost between 1,850,000 and 5,550,000 KRW; ceramic braces range from 3,700,000 to 7,400,000 KRW; clear aligners vary from 5,550,000 to 14,800,000 KRW, depending on the region, hospital, and complexity of the case.

Orthognathic surgery: Costs are considerably higher, generally ranging from 9,250,000 to 18,500,000 KRW or more, covering surgical fees, hospitalization, and orthodontic expenses. Prices vary significantly based on region, hospital level, and surgical method.

Expected Outcomes

Short-term effects: During orthodontic treatment, teeth gradually shift, leading to improved bite alignment; following orthognathic surgery, noticeable changes in facial contours occur within a short period.

Long-term effects: Upon successful treatment, normal bite function is restored, facial aesthetics are enhanced, and quality of life improves. However, outcomes depend on various factors, such as patient compliance and the severity of the condition.

Combined Treatment

For adult skeletal class III malocclusion, combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgery is typically required. Pre-surgical orthodontics is first performed to align the teeth and adjust the occlusion, creating conditions for the orthognathic surgery; then, the orthognathic surgery moves the jawbones to their normal positions; post-surgical orthodontics follows to fine-tune the results and consolidate the surgical outcomes.

Side Effects and Complications

Orthodontic treatment: May cause tooth pain, loosening, oral mucosal ulcers, and speech difficulties, which generally subside after the adaptation period. It may also increase the risk of dental caries and periodontitis, requiring enhanced oral hygiene care.

Orthognathic surgery: Carries relatively higher surgical risks, including potential complications such as bleeding, infection, nerve damage (leading to numbness of the lower lip, etc.), poor bone healing, and inadequate occlusion. However, these risks can be minimized when performed by experienced surgeons in reputable medical facilities.

Select Equipment

Choose orthodontic and orthognathic surgery instruments that have been certified by relevant national authorities. For instance, orthodontic appliances must meet applicable quality standards, while tools such as electric saws and osteotomes used in orthognathic surgery should demonstrate excellent performance and safety. When selecting a facility, you may request to view relevant certification documents for the equipment.

Project Contraindications

Orthodontic Treatment: Patients with severe systemic diseases such as uncontrolled diabetes, heart disease, blood system disorders, etc.; those with acute inflammation in the oral cavity, such as acute periodontitis; and pregnant women who may not be suitable for complex orthodontic treatment under certain circumstances.

Orthognathic Surgery: In addition to the systemic diseases mentioned above, patients with mental illnesses that prevent cooperation with surgery; those with lesions such as tumors or osteomyelitis in the jawbone; and children in the growth and development phase, for whom orthognathic surgery is generally not recommended as it may affect jawbone development.

Contraindications for Procedures

Orthodontic Treatment: Patients with severe systemic diseases, such as uncontrolled diabetes, heart disease, or hematologic disorders; those with acute local oral inflammation, such as acute periodontitis; and pregnant women in certain cases may not be suitable for complex orthodontic treatment.

Orthognathic Surgery: In addition to the systemic diseases mentioned above, patients with mental illnesses that prevent cooperation with surgery; those with pathological conditions in the jawbones, such as tumors or osteomyelitis; and children still in the growth and development phase are generally not recommended for orthognathic surgery to avoid affecting jawbone development.

Side Effects

As detailed in the section on side effects and complications, orthodontic treatment may cause tooth discomfort, oral mucosal issues, and risks of oral diseases; orthognathic surgery carries risks such as bleeding, infection, and nerve damage.

Orthodontic Treatment: Patients may experience tooth pain, loosening, oral mucosal ulcers, and speech difficulties, which typically subside after the adaptation period. There is also an increased risk of dental caries and periodontitis, necessitating enhanced oral hygiene care.

Orthognathic Surgery: This procedure carries relatively higher risks, including complications such as bleeding, infection, nerve damage (which can lead to numbness of the lower lip), poor bone healing, and suboptimal occlusion. However, performing the surgery in a reputable hospital under the care of an experienced surgeon can significantly reduce these risks.

Self-Diagnosis of Symptoms

If you notice that your lower front teeth bite outside the upper front teeth, your chin protrudes noticeably, your facial profile appears concave, you experience abnormal sensations while chewing, or your speech is affected, you may have an underbite. However, an accurate diagnosis requires a professional examination at a reputable medical facility, including taking lateral cephalometric X-rays, panoramic radiographs, and performing cephalometric analysis.

Select Treatment Plan

A comprehensive examination must be conducted at the Department of Stomatology or Orthodontics of a reputable hospital, including clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and cephalometric analysis, to determine whether the underbite results from excessive mandibular development, insufficient maxillary development, or both, and to classify it as functional, dental, or skeletal mandibular protrusion. Based on the specific etiology, patient age, and severity of the condition, an appropriate treatment plan should be selected; for instance, functional underbites in children can be managed with functional appliances, while skeletal underbites in adults typically require combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgery.

Functional Anterior Crossbite

Skeletal Anterior Crossbite

Age Factors

Children: If a child is in the growth and development stage, such as a 1- to 2-year-old with functional mandibular prognathism caused by improper bottle-feeding posture, or a 3- to 4-year-old with functional mandibular prognathism, treatment can be achieved by correcting bad habits and using functional appliances. Around 11-12 years of age, if the mandibular prognathism is not severe, conventional orthodontic treatment can be performed.

Adults: If there is skeletal or hereditary mandibular prognathism with significant severity, combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgery should be considered.

Condition Factors

Dental underbite is suitable for orthodontic treatment. Skeletal underbite, especially in patients with noticeable changes in facial profile and significant impact on chewing function, may require combined orthognathic surgery.

Select Equipment

Orthodontic Equipment: Common options include traditional metal braces, ceramic braces, and clear aligners. Traditional metal braces are relatively affordable but less aesthetic; ceramic braces offer better aesthetics but come at a higher cost; clear aligners provide superior aesthetics and comfort, can be removed by the patient, but are the most expensive option.

Orthognathic Surgery Equipment: Surgical procedures utilize instruments such as oscillating saws, bone chisels, and titanium plates and screws. Reputable medical facilities use equipment that meets national safety standards to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the surgery.

Note: The prices mentioned in the original text are not specified as Korean prices and do not include actual figures. Therefore, no currency conversion to Korean Won has been performed as no base price was provided for calculation.

Select Equipment

Orthodontic Equipment: Common options include traditional metal braces, ceramic braces, and clear aligners. Traditional metal braces are relatively affordable but less aesthetically pleasing; ceramic braces offer better aesthetics but at a higher cost; clear aligners provide superior comfort and aesthetics with the convenience of being removable, though they are the most expensive option.

Orthognathic Surgery Equipment: Surgical procedures utilize instruments such as bone saws, osteotomes, titanium plates, and screws. Reputable medical facilities use equipment that meets national safety standards to ensure surgical safety and optimal outcomes.

Prices

Orthodontic treatment: Traditional metal braces typically cost between 10,000 and 30,000 CNY; ceramic braces range from 20,000 to 40,000 CNY; clear aligners vary from 30,000 to 80,000 CNY, depending on the region, hospital, and complexity of the case.

Orthognathic surgery: Costs are considerably higher, generally ranging from 50,000 to 100,000 CNY or more, covering surgical fees, hospitalization, and orthodontic expenses. Prices vary significantly based on region, hospital level, and surgical method.

Converted to Korean Won (KRW) at an approximate exchange rate of 1 CNY = 185 KRW:

Orthodontic treatment: Traditional metal braces typically cost between 1,850,000 and 5,550,000 KRW; ceramic braces range from 3,700,000 to 7,400,000 KRW; clear aligners vary from 5,550,000 to 14,800,000 KRW, depending on the region, hospital, and complexity of the case.

Orthognathic surgery: Costs are considerably higher, generally ranging from 9,250,000 to 18,500,000 KRW or more, covering surgical fees, hospitalization, and orthodontic expenses. Prices vary significantly based on region, hospital level, and surgical method.

Expected Outcomes

Short-term effects: During orthodontic treatment, teeth gradually shift, leading to improved bite alignment; following orthognathic surgery, noticeable changes in facial contours occur within a short period.

Long-term effects: Upon successful treatment, normal bite function is restored, facial aesthetics are enhanced, and quality of life improves. However, outcomes depend on various factors, such as patient compliance and the severity of the condition.

Combined Treatment

For adult skeletal class III malocclusion, combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgery is typically required. Pre-surgical orthodontics is first performed to align the teeth and adjust the occlusion, creating conditions for the orthognathic surgery; then, the orthognathic surgery moves the jawbones to their normal positions; post-surgical orthodontics follows to fine-tune the results and consolidate the surgical outcomes.

Side Effects and Complications

Orthodontic treatment: May cause tooth pain, loosening, oral mucosal ulcers, and speech difficulties, which generally subside after the adaptation period. It may also increase the risk of dental caries and periodontitis, requiring enhanced oral hygiene care.

Orthognathic surgery: Carries relatively higher surgical risks, including potential complications such as bleeding, infection, nerve damage (leading to numbness of the lower lip, etc.), poor bone healing, and inadequate occlusion. However, these risks can be minimized when performed by experienced surgeons in reputable medical facilities.

Select Equipment

Choose orthodontic and orthognathic surgery instruments that have been certified by relevant national authorities. For instance, orthodontic appliances must meet applicable quality standards, while tools such as electric saws and osteotomes used in orthognathic surgery should demonstrate excellent performance and safety. When selecting a facility, you may request to view relevant certification documents for the equipment.

Project Contraindications

Orthodontic Treatment: Patients with severe systemic diseases such as uncontrolled diabetes, heart disease, blood system disorders, etc.; those with acute inflammation in the oral cavity, such as acute periodontitis; and pregnant women who may not be suitable for complex orthodontic treatment under certain circumstances.

Orthognathic Surgery: In addition to the systemic diseases mentioned above, patients with mental illnesses that prevent cooperation with surgery; those with lesions such as tumors or osteomyelitis in the jawbone; and children in the growth and development phase, for whom orthognathic surgery is generally not recommended as it may affect jawbone development.

Contraindications for Procedures

Orthodontic Treatment: Patients with severe systemic diseases, such as uncontrolled diabetes, heart disease, or hematologic disorders; those with acute local oral inflammation, such as acute periodontitis; and pregnant women in certain cases may not be suitable for complex orthodontic treatment.

Orthognathic Surgery: In addition to the systemic diseases mentioned above, patients with mental illnesses that prevent cooperation with surgery; those with pathological conditions in the jawbones, such as tumors or osteomyelitis; and children still in the growth and development phase are generally not recommended for orthognathic surgery to avoid affecting jawbone development.

Side Effects

As detailed in the section on side effects and complications, orthodontic treatment may cause tooth discomfort, oral mucosal issues, and risks of oral diseases; orthognathic surgery carries risks such as bleeding, infection, and nerve damage.

Orthodontic Treatment: Patients may experience tooth pain, loosening, oral mucosal ulcers, and speech difficulties, which typically subside after the adaptation period. There is also an increased risk of dental caries and periodontitis, necessitating enhanced oral hygiene care.

Orthognathic Surgery: This procedure carries relatively higher risks, including complications such as bleeding, infection, nerve damage (which can lead to numbness of the lower lip), poor bone healing, and suboptimal occlusion. However, performing the surgery in a reputable hospital under the care of an experienced surgeon can significantly reduce these risks.

Self-Diagnosis of Symptoms

If you notice that your lower front teeth bite outside the upper front teeth, your chin protrudes noticeably, your facial profile appears concave, you experience abnormal sensations while chewing, or your speech is affected, you may have an underbite. However, an accurate diagnosis requires a professional examination at a reputable medical facility, including taking lateral cephalometric X-rays, panoramic radiographs, and performing cephalometric analysis.

Select Treatment Plan

A comprehensive examination must be conducted at the Department of Stomatology or Orthodontics of a reputable hospital, including clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and cephalometric analysis, to determine whether the underbite results from excessive mandibular development, insufficient maxillary development, or both, and to classify it as functional, dental, or skeletal mandibular protrusion. Based on the specific etiology, patient age, and severity of the condition, an appropriate treatment plan should be selected; for instance, functional underbites in children can be managed with functional appliances, while skeletal underbites in adults typically require combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgery.

Functional Anterior Crossbite

Skeletal Anterior Crossbite

Age Factors

Children: If a child is in the growth and development stage, such as a 1- to 2-year-old with functional mandibular prognathism caused by improper bottle-feeding posture, or a 3- to 4-year-old with functional mandibular prognathism, treatment can be achieved by correcting bad habits and using functional appliances. Around 11-12 years of age, if the mandibular prognathism is not severe, conventional orthodontic treatment can be performed.

Adults: If there is skeletal or hereditary mandibular prognathism with significant severity, combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgery should be considered.

Condition Factors

Dental underbite is suitable for orthodontic treatment. Skeletal underbite, especially in patients with noticeable changes in facial profile and significant impact on chewing function, may require combined orthognathic surgery.

Select Equipment

Orthodontic Equipment: Common options include traditional metal braces, ceramic braces, and clear aligners. Traditional metal braces are relatively affordable but less aesthetic; ceramic braces offer better aesthetics but come at a higher cost; clear aligners provide superior aesthetics and comfort, can be removed by the patient, but are the most expensive option.

Orthognathic Surgery Equipment: Surgical procedures utilize instruments such as oscillating saws, bone chisels, and titanium plates and screws. Reputable medical facilities use equipment that meets national safety standards to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the surgery.

Note: The prices mentioned in the original text are not specified as Korean prices and do not include actual figures. Therefore, no currency conversion to Korean Won has been performed as no base price was provided for calculation.

Select Equipment

Orthodontic Equipment: Common options include traditional metal braces, ceramic braces, and clear aligners. Traditional metal braces are relatively affordable but less aesthetically pleasing; ceramic braces offer better aesthetics but at a higher cost; clear aligners provide superior comfort and aesthetics with the convenience of being removable, though they are the most expensive option.

Orthognathic Surgery Equipment: Surgical procedures utilize instruments such as bone saws, osteotomes, titanium plates, and screws. Reputable medical facilities use equipment that meets national safety standards to ensure surgical safety and optimal outcomes.

Prices

Orthodontic treatment: Traditional metal braces typically cost between 10,000 and 30,000 CNY; ceramic braces range from 20,000 to 40,000 CNY; clear aligners vary from 30,000 to 80,000 CNY, depending on the region, hospital, and complexity of the case.

Orthognathic surgery: Costs are considerably higher, generally ranging from 50,000 to 100,000 CNY or more, covering surgical fees, hospitalization, and orthodontic expenses. Prices vary significantly based on region, hospital level, and surgical method.

Converted to Korean Won (KRW) at an approximate exchange rate of 1 CNY = 185 KRW:

Orthodontic treatment: Traditional metal braces typically cost between 1,850,000 and 5,550,000 KRW; ceramic braces range from 3,700,000 to 7,400,000 KRW; clear aligners vary from 5,550,000 to 14,800,000 KRW, depending on the region, hospital, and complexity of the case.

Orthognathic surgery: Costs are considerably higher, generally ranging from 9,250,000 to 18,500,000 KRW or more, covering surgical fees, hospitalization, and orthodontic expenses. Prices vary significantly based on region, hospital level, and surgical method.

Expected Outcomes

Short-term effects: During orthodontic treatment, teeth gradually shift, leading to improved bite alignment; following orthognathic surgery, noticeable changes in facial contours occur within a short period.

Long-term effects: Upon successful treatment, normal bite function is restored, facial aesthetics are enhanced, and quality of life improves. However, outcomes depend on various factors, such as patient compliance and the severity of the condition.

Combined Treatment

For adult skeletal class III malocclusion, combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgery is typically required. Pre-surgical orthodontics is first performed to align the teeth and adjust the occlusion, creating conditions for the orthognathic surgery; then, the orthognathic surgery moves the jawbones to their normal positions; post-surgical orthodontics follows to fine-tune the results and consolidate the surgical outcomes.

Side Effects and Complications

Orthodontic treatment: May cause tooth pain, loosening, oral mucosal ulcers, and speech difficulties, which generally subside after the adaptation period. It may also increase the risk of dental caries and periodontitis, requiring enhanced oral hygiene care.

Orthognathic surgery: Carries relatively higher surgical risks, including potential complications such as bleeding, infection, nerve damage (leading to numbness of the lower lip, etc.), poor bone healing, and inadequate occlusion. However, these risks can be minimized when performed by experienced surgeons in reputable medical facilities.

Select Equipment

Choose orthodontic and orthognathic surgery instruments that have been certified by relevant national authorities. For instance, orthodontic appliances must meet applicable quality standards, while tools such as electric saws and osteotomes used in orthognathic surgery should demonstrate excellent performance and safety. When selecting a facility, you may request to view relevant certification documents for the equipment.

Project Contraindications

Orthodontic Treatment: Patients with severe systemic diseases such as uncontrolled diabetes, heart disease, blood system disorders, etc.; those with acute inflammation in the oral cavity, such as acute periodontitis; and pregnant women who may not be suitable for complex orthodontic treatment under certain circumstances.

Orthognathic Surgery: In addition to the systemic diseases mentioned above, patients with mental illnesses that prevent cooperation with surgery; those with lesions such as tumors or osteomyelitis in the jawbone; and children in the growth and development phase, for whom orthognathic surgery is generally not recommended as it may affect jawbone development.

Contraindications for Procedures

Orthodontic Treatment: Patients with severe systemic diseases, such as uncontrolled diabetes, heart disease, or hematologic disorders; those with acute local oral inflammation, such as acute periodontitis; and pregnant women in certain cases may not be suitable for complex orthodontic treatment.

Orthognathic Surgery: In addition to the systemic diseases mentioned above, patients with mental illnesses that prevent cooperation with surgery; those with pathological conditions in the jawbones, such as tumors or osteomyelitis; and children still in the growth and development phase are generally not recommended for orthognathic surgery to avoid affecting jawbone development.

Side Effects

As detailed in the section on side effects and complications, orthodontic treatment may cause tooth discomfort, oral mucosal issues, and risks of oral diseases; orthognathic surgery carries risks such as bleeding, infection, and nerve damage.

Orthodontic Treatment: Patients may experience tooth pain, loosening, oral mucosal ulcers, and speech difficulties, which typically subside after the adaptation period. There is also an increased risk of dental caries and periodontitis, necessitating enhanced oral hygiene care.

Orthognathic Surgery: This procedure carries relatively higher risks, including complications such as bleeding, infection, nerve damage (which can lead to numbness of the lower lip), poor bone healing, and suboptimal occlusion. However, performing the surgery in a reputable hospital under the care of an experienced surgeon can significantly reduce these risks.

Self-Diagnosis of Symptoms

If you notice that your lower front teeth bite outside the upper front teeth, your chin protrudes noticeably, your facial profile appears concave, you experience abnormal sensations while chewing, or your speech is affected, you may have an underbite. However, an accurate diagnosis requires a professional examination at a reputable medical facility, including taking lateral cephalometric X-rays, panoramic radiographs, and performing cephalometric analysis.

Select Treatment Plan

A comprehensive examination must be conducted at the Department of Stomatology or Orthodontics of a reputable hospital, including clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and cephalometric analysis, to determine whether the underbite results from excessive mandibular development, insufficient maxillary development, or both, and to classify it as functional, dental, or skeletal mandibular protrusion. Based on the specific etiology, patient age, and severity of the condition, an appropriate treatment plan should be selected; for instance, functional underbites in children can be managed with functional appliances, while skeletal underbites in adults typically require combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgery.

Functional Anterior Crossbite

Skeletal Anterior Crossbite

Age Factors

Children: If a child is in the growth and development stage, such as a 1- to 2-year-old with functional mandibular prognathism caused by improper bottle-feeding posture, or a 3- to 4-year-old with functional mandibular prognathism, treatment can be achieved by correcting bad habits and using functional appliances. Around 11-12 years of age, if the mandibular prognathism is not severe, conventional orthodontic treatment can be performed.

Adults: If there is skeletal or hereditary mandibular prognathism with significant severity, combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgery should be considered.

Condition Factors

Dental underbite is suitable for orthodontic treatment. Skeletal underbite, especially in patients with noticeable changes in facial profile and significant impact on chewing function, may require combined orthognathic surgery.

Select Equipment

Orthodontic Equipment: Common options include traditional metal braces, ceramic braces, and clear aligners. Traditional metal braces are relatively affordable but less aesthetic; ceramic braces offer better aesthetics but come at a higher cost; clear aligners provide superior aesthetics and comfort, can be removed by the patient, but are the most expensive option.

Orthognathic Surgery Equipment: Surgical procedures utilize instruments such as oscillating saws, bone chisels, and titanium plates and screws. Reputable medical facilities use equipment that meets national safety standards to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the surgery.

Note: The prices mentioned in the original text are not specified as Korean prices and do not include actual figures. Therefore, no currency conversion to Korean Won has been performed as no base price was provided for calculation.

Select Equipment

Orthodontic Equipment: Common options include traditional metal braces, ceramic braces, and clear aligners. Traditional metal braces are relatively affordable but less aesthetically pleasing; ceramic braces offer better aesthetics but at a higher cost; clear aligners provide superior comfort and aesthetics with the convenience of being removable, though they are the most expensive option.

Orthognathic Surgery Equipment: Surgical procedures utilize instruments such as bone saws, osteotomes, titanium plates, and screws. Reputable medical facilities use equipment that meets national safety standards to ensure surgical safety and optimal outcomes.

Prices

Orthodontic treatment: Traditional metal braces typically cost between 10,000 and 30,000 CNY; ceramic braces range from 20,000 to 40,000 CNY; clear aligners vary from 30,000 to 80,000 CNY, depending on the region, hospital, and complexity of the case.

Orthognathic surgery: Costs are considerably higher, generally ranging from 50,000 to 100,000 CNY or more, covering surgical fees, hospitalization, and orthodontic expenses. Prices vary significantly based on region, hospital level, and surgical method.

Converted to Korean Won (KRW) at an approximate exchange rate of 1 CNY = 185 KRW:

Orthodontic treatment: Traditional metal braces typically cost between 1,850,000 and 5,550,000 KRW; ceramic braces range from 3,700,000 to 7,400,000 KRW; clear aligners vary from 5,550,000 to 14,800,000 KRW, depending on the region, hospital, and complexity of the case.

Orthognathic surgery: Costs are considerably higher, generally ranging from 9,250,000 to 18,500,000 KRW or more, covering surgical fees, hospitalization, and orthodontic expenses. Prices vary significantly based on region, hospital level, and surgical method.

Expected Outcomes

Short-term effects: During orthodontic treatment, teeth gradually shift, leading to improved bite alignment; following orthognathic surgery, noticeable changes in facial contours occur within a short period.

Long-term effects: Upon successful treatment, normal bite function is restored, facial aesthetics are enhanced, and quality of life improves. However, outcomes depend on various factors, such as patient compliance and the severity of the condition.

Combined Treatment

For adult skeletal class III malocclusion, combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgery is typically required. Pre-surgical orthodontics is first performed to align the teeth and adjust the occlusion, creating conditions for the orthognathic surgery; then, the orthognathic surgery moves the jawbones to their normal positions; post-surgical orthodontics follows to fine-tune the results and consolidate the surgical outcomes.

Side Effects and Complications

Orthodontic treatment: May cause tooth pain, loosening, oral mucosal ulcers, and speech difficulties, which generally subside after the adaptation period. It may also increase the risk of dental caries and periodontitis, requiring enhanced oral hygiene care.

Orthognathic surgery: Carries relatively higher surgical risks, including potential complications such as bleeding, infection, nerve damage (leading to numbness of the lower lip, etc.), poor bone healing, and inadequate occlusion. However, these risks can be minimized when performed by experienced surgeons in reputable medical facilities.

Select Equipment

Choose orthodontic and orthognathic surgery instruments that have been certified by relevant national authorities. For instance, orthodontic appliances must meet applicable quality standards, while tools such as electric saws and osteotomes used in orthognathic surgery should demonstrate excellent performance and safety. When selecting a facility, you may request to view relevant certification documents for the equipment.

Project Contraindications

Orthodontic Treatment: Patients with severe systemic diseases such as uncontrolled diabetes, heart disease, blood system disorders, etc.; those with acute inflammation in the oral cavity, such as acute periodontitis; and pregnant women who may not be suitable for complex orthodontic treatment under certain circumstances.

Orthognathic Surgery: In addition to the systemic diseases mentioned above, patients with mental illnesses that prevent cooperation with surgery; those with lesions such as tumors or osteomyelitis in the jawbone; and children in the growth and development phase, for whom orthognathic surgery is generally not recommended as it may affect jawbone development.

Contraindications for Procedures

Orthodontic Treatment: Patients with severe systemic diseases, such as uncontrolled diabetes, heart disease, or hematologic disorders; those with acute local oral inflammation, such as acute periodontitis; and pregnant women in certain cases may not be suitable for complex orthodontic treatment.

Orthognathic Surgery: In addition to the systemic diseases mentioned above, patients with mental illnesses that prevent cooperation with surgery; those with pathological conditions in the jawbones, such as tumors or osteomyelitis; and children still in the growth and development phase are generally not recommended for orthognathic surgery to avoid affecting jawbone development.

Side Effects

As detailed in the section on side effects and complications, orthodontic treatment may cause tooth discomfort, oral mucosal issues, and risks of oral diseases; orthognathic surgery carries risks such as bleeding, infection, and nerve damage.

Orthodontic Treatment: Patients may experience tooth pain, loosening, oral mucosal ulcers, and speech difficulties, which typically subside after the adaptation period. There is also an increased risk of dental caries and periodontitis, necessitating enhanced oral hygiene care.

Orthognathic Surgery: This procedure carries relatively higher risks, including complications such as bleeding, infection, nerve damage (which can lead to numbness of the lower lip), poor bone healing, and suboptimal occlusion. However, performing the surgery in a reputable hospital under the care of an experienced surgeon can significantly reduce these risks.

Self-Diagnosis of Symptoms

If you notice that your lower front teeth bite outside the upper front teeth, your chin protrudes noticeably, your facial profile appears concave, you experience abnormal sensations while chewing, or your speech is affected, you may have an underbite. However, an accurate diagnosis requires a professional examination at a reputable medical facility, including taking lateral cephalometric X-rays, panoramic radiographs, and performing cephalometric analysis.

Select Treatment Plan

A comprehensive examination must be conducted at the Department of Stomatology or Orthodontics of a reputable hospital, including clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and cephalometric analysis, to determine whether the underbite results from excessive mandibular development, insufficient maxillary development, or both, and to classify it as functional, dental, or skeletal mandibular protrusion. Based on the specific etiology, patient age, and severity of the condition, an appropriate treatment plan should be selected; for instance, functional underbites in children can be managed with functional appliances, while skeletal underbites in adults typically require combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgery.

Functional Anterior Crossbite

Skeletal Anterior Crossbite

Age Factors

Children: If a child is in the growth and development stage, such as a 1- to 2-year-old with functional mandibular prognathism caused by improper bottle-feeding posture, or a 3- to 4-year-old with functional mandibular prognathism, treatment can be achieved by correcting bad habits and using functional appliances. Around 11-12 years of age, if the mandibular prognathism is not severe, conventional orthodontic treatment can be performed.

Adults: If there is skeletal or hereditary mandibular prognathism with significant severity, combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgery should be considered.

Condition Factors

Dental underbite is suitable for orthodontic treatment. Skeletal underbite, especially in patients with noticeable changes in facial profile and significant impact on chewing function, may require combined orthognathic surgery.

Select Equipment

Orthodontic Equipment: Common options include traditional metal braces, ceramic braces, and clear aligners. Traditional metal braces are relatively affordable but less aesthetic; ceramic braces offer better aesthetics but come at a higher cost; clear aligners provide superior aesthetics and comfort, can be removed by the patient, but are the most expensive option.

Orthognathic Surgery Equipment: Surgical procedures utilize instruments such as oscillating saws, bone chisels, and titanium plates and screws. Reputable medical facilities use equipment that meets national safety standards to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the surgery.

Note: The prices mentioned in the original text are not specified as Korean prices and do not include actual figures. Therefore, no currency conversion to Korean Won has been performed as no base price was provided for calculation.

Select Equipment

Orthodontic Equipment: Common options include traditional metal braces, ceramic braces, and clear aligners. Traditional metal braces are relatively affordable but less aesthetically pleasing; ceramic braces offer better aesthetics but at a higher cost; clear aligners provide superior comfort and aesthetics with the convenience of being removable, though they are the most expensive option.

Orthognathic Surgery Equipment: Surgical procedures utilize instruments such as bone saws, osteotomes, titanium plates, and screws. Reputable medical facilities use equipment that meets national safety standards to ensure surgical safety and optimal outcomes.

Prices

Orthodontic treatment: Traditional metal braces typically cost between 10,000 and 30,000 CNY; ceramic braces range from 20,000 to 40,000 CNY; clear aligners vary from 30,000 to 80,000 CNY, depending on the region, hospital, and complexity of the case.

Orthognathic surgery: Costs are considerably higher, generally ranging from 50,000 to 100,000 CNY or more, covering surgical fees, hospitalization, and orthodontic expenses. Prices vary significantly based on region, hospital level, and surgical method.

Converted to Korean Won (KRW) at an approximate exchange rate of 1 CNY = 185 KRW:

Orthodontic treatment: Traditional metal braces typically cost between 1,850,000 and 5,550,000 KRW; ceramic braces range from 3,700,000 to 7,400,000 KRW; clear aligners vary from 5,550,000 to 14,800,000 KRW, depending on the region, hospital, and complexity of the case.

Orthognathic surgery: Costs are considerably higher, generally ranging from 9,250,000 to 18,500,000 KRW or more, covering surgical fees, hospitalization, and orthodontic expenses. Prices vary significantly based on region, hospital level, and surgical method.

Expected Outcomes

Short-term effects: During orthodontic treatment, teeth gradually shift, leading to improved bite alignment; following orthognathic surgery, noticeable changes in facial contours occur within a short period.

Long-term effects: Upon successful treatment, normal bite function is restored, facial aesthetics are enhanced, and quality of life improves. However, outcomes depend on various factors, such as patient compliance and the severity of the condition.

Combined Treatment

For adult skeletal class III malocclusion, combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgery is typically required. Pre-surgical orthodontics is first performed to align the teeth and adjust the occlusion, creating conditions for the orthognathic surgery; then, the orthognathic surgery moves the jawbones to their normal positions; post-surgical orthodontics follows to fine-tune the results and consolidate the surgical outcomes.

Side Effects and Complications

Orthodontic treatment: May cause tooth pain, loosening, oral mucosal ulcers, and speech difficulties, which generally subside after the adaptation period. It may also increase the risk of dental caries and periodontitis, requiring enhanced oral hygiene care.

Orthognathic surgery: Carries relatively higher surgical risks, including potential complications such as bleeding, infection, nerve damage (leading to numbness of the lower lip, etc.), poor bone healing, and inadequate occlusion. However, these risks can be minimized when performed by experienced surgeons in reputable medical facilities.

Select Equipment

Choose orthodontic and orthognathic surgery instruments that have been certified by relevant national authorities. For instance, orthodontic appliances must meet applicable quality standards, while tools such as electric saws and osteotomes used in orthognathic surgery should demonstrate excellent performance and safety. When selecting a facility, you may request to view relevant certification documents for the equipment.

Project Contraindications

Orthodontic Treatment: Patients with severe systemic diseases such as uncontrolled diabetes, heart disease, blood system disorders, etc.; those with acute inflammation in the oral cavity, such as acute periodontitis; and pregnant women who may not be suitable for complex orthodontic treatment under certain circumstances.

Orthognathic Surgery: In addition to the systemic diseases mentioned above, patients with mental illnesses that prevent cooperation with surgery; those with lesions such as tumors or osteomyelitis in the jawbone; and children in the growth and development phase, for whom orthognathic surgery is generally not recommended as it may affect jawbone development.

Contraindications for Procedures

Orthodontic Treatment: Patients with severe systemic diseases, such as uncontrolled diabetes, heart disease, or hematologic disorders; those with acute local oral inflammation, such as acute periodontitis; and pregnant women in certain cases may not be suitable for complex orthodontic treatment.

Orthognathic Surgery: In addition to the systemic diseases mentioned above, patients with mental illnesses that prevent cooperation with surgery; those with pathological conditions in the jawbones, such as tumors or osteomyelitis; and children still in the growth and development phase are generally not recommended for orthognathic surgery to avoid affecting jawbone development.

Side Effects

As detailed in the section on side effects and complications, orthodontic treatment may cause tooth discomfort, oral mucosal issues, and risks of oral diseases; orthognathic surgery carries risks such as bleeding, infection, and nerve damage.

Orthodontic Treatment: Patients may experience tooth pain, loosening, oral mucosal ulcers, and speech difficulties, which typically subside after the adaptation period. There is also an increased risk of dental caries and periodontitis, necessitating enhanced oral hygiene care.

Orthognathic Surgery: This procedure carries relatively higher risks, including complications such as bleeding, infection, nerve damage (which can lead to numbness of the lower lip), poor bone healing, and suboptimal occlusion. However, performing the surgery in a reputable hospital under the care of an experienced surgeon can significantly reduce these risks.

Self-Diagnosis of Symptoms

If you notice that your lower front teeth bite outside the upper front teeth, your chin protrudes noticeably, your facial profile appears concave, you experience abnormal sensations while chewing, or your speech is affected, you may have an underbite. However, an accurate diagnosis requires a professional examination at a reputable medical facility, including taking lateral cephalometric X-rays, panoramic radiographs, and performing cephalometric analysis.

Select Treatment Plan

A comprehensive examination must be conducted at the Department of Stomatology or Orthodontics of a reputable hospital, including clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and cephalometric analysis, to determine whether the underbite results from excessive mandibular development, insufficient maxillary development, or both, and to classify it as functional, dental, or skeletal mandibular protrusion. Based on the specific etiology, patient age, and severity of the condition, an appropriate treatment plan should be selected; for instance, functional underbites in children can be managed with functional appliances, while skeletal underbites in adults typically require combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgery.